Photokeratitis occurs when the cornea is unprotected and exposed to UV, similar to a sunburn on the skin when SPF is not utilized. UV exposure damages the surface layer of the cornea, causing pain, blurry vision, and light sensitivity. Although the sun is the most common culprit, photokeratitis may also occur due to tanning beds, welding arcs, or reflective surfaces such as roads, snow, or bodies of water. Symptoms typically begin about 6-12 hours after prolonged UV exposure.
The best protection against photokeratitis is 100% UVA and UVB blocking sunglasses. Once photokeratitis has occurred, treatment may include the use of cold compresses, over-the-counter pain relief medications such as Tylenol and Ibuprofen, and artificial tears to reduce irritation. Although photokeratitis typically resolves on its own within 24-72 hours, it is a rather painful condition- one which can be avoided by taking the necessary precautions when your eyes may be exposed to UV light.